Economic and Financial Data for Colombia *

Last updated: November 18 th 2024

The data shown in this page correspond to the data described on the International Monetary Fund's Dissemination Standards
 Bulletin Board (DSBB). The data are not seasonly adjusted unless otherwise stated

Please click on DSBB Home Page.


[Real Sector] [Fiscal Sector] [Financial Sector] [External Sector] [Population][Spanish  Other available information]
 
SDDS Data Category and Component Unit description OBSERVATIONS Other available information
Period of latest data Latest data Data for
previous
period		 % change from previous period to latest period % change from same period last year to latest period
REAL SECTOR
National Accounts 1/
- GDP at current prices (pr)

Base Year 2015 Methodology.

Seasonally and     calendar adjusted     series

 Colombian $ billions

Q3/24

425,976.2

419,604.7

1.5

8.6

1) GDP at current prices, in Colombian pesos and US dollars, since 2005 to the present.
2) GDP by economic sector, since 2005 to the present.
3) GDP by factor incomes and gross expenditures, since 2005 to the present.
Internet site. (In spanish)
- GDP at constant  prices (pr)

Base Year 2015 Methodology.

seasonally and calendar adjusted series

 Colombian $ billions

Q3/24

249,237.1

248,737.8

0.2

2.0

 1) GDP at 2015 prices, in Colombian pesos and US dollars, since 2005 to the present.
2) GDP at 2015 prices, by economic sector, since 2005 to the present.
3) GDP by final demand and supply, since 2005 to the present. . Internet site. (In spanish)
Production Index 2/
Index of real production of the manufacturing industry.

2018=100.00

Sep/24

111.8

114.7

-2.5

-4.2

 Real industrial production index, total and by sector since 1990 to the present. Internet site. (In spanish)
Labour Market
Employment  3/
- National

Percentage of labor force

Sep/24

57.7

58.3

-0.9

0.5

1.Monthly data since 2001 are the spliced series between GEIH 2005 and GEIH 2018 built by the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE).

Internet site. (In spanish)
-   Thirteen largest cities and its metropolitan areas Percentage of labor force

Sep/24

60.1

60.5

-0.5

1.2

1. Monthly data since 2001 are the spliced series between GEIH 2005 and GEIH 2018 built by the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE).

2. Quarterly data for the seven major cities and its metropolitan areas since 1984.
Unemployment  3/

-   National Percentage of labor force

Sep/24

9.1

9.7

-6.8

-1.0

1.Monthly data since 2001 are the spliced series between GEIH 2005 and GEIH 2018 built by the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE).

Internet site. (In spanish)
-   Thirteen largest cities and its metropolitan areas Percentage of labor force

Sep/24

9.2

10.0

-9.7

-4.3

1. Monthly data since 2001 are the spliced series between GEIH 2005 and GEIH 2018 built by the National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE).

2. Quarterly data for the seven major cities and its metropolitan areas since 1984.
Wages/Earnings 2/ Daily legal minimum wage, annual since 1984 to the present.

 Internet site. (In spanish)
- Real Industrial wage index (pr)

 

2018=100.00

Sep/24

107.9

108.5

-0.5

3.7

1. Real wage index of manufacturing industry monthly since 1990 to the present.
2. Nominal wage index of commerce and  manufacturing industry, monthly since 1990 to the present.                           Internet site. (In spanish)
Price Index

- Consumer price index - CPI

 Dec.2018=100.00

Oct/24

143.8

144.0

-0.1

5.4

1. Total CPI, monthly since 1954 to the present.
2. CPI by groups, monthly since January 1988 to December 2018 with Base Year Dec.2008=100.00
3. CPI by cities, monthly since January 1988 to December 2018 with Base Year Dec.2008=100.00       Internet site.

- Producer price index - PPI   

Dec.2014=100.00

Oct/24

180.5

179.2

0.7

1.6

 1. National PPI, monthly since 1970 to the present.
2. PPI classified by origin and economic uses, monthly  since 1970 to the present.    3. The value "% change from same period last year to latest period" is non-official due to methodological changes, such as new base, Dec 2014=100, updated basket of goods and weights. Internet site. (In spanish)

SDDS Data Category and Component

Unit description

OBSERVATIONS

Other available information

Period of latest data

Latest data

Data for
previous
period

% change from previous period to latest period

% change from same period last year to latest period
FISCAL SECTOR
Non Financial Public Sector (pr)
- Revenue Colombian $ billions

Q1/24

122,342.2

116,483.4

5.0

-1.6

 Annual data  since 1985 to the present, quarterly since 1995 to the present.                Internet site. (In spanish)
- Outlays 4 A/ Colombian $ billions

Q1/24

208,559.8

170,586.1

22.3

…

 Annual data since 1985 to the present, quarterly since 1995 to the present.
- Interest Colombian $ billions

Q1/24

13,926.8

11,779.3

18.2

13.9

 Annual data since 1985 to the present, quarterly since 1996 to the present.
 

- Balance, Deficit (-) / Surplus (+)  4 B/

 Colombian $ billions

Q1/24

-86,217.6

-54,102.7

59.4

…

 1. Annual data since 1985 to the present, quarterly since 1995 to the present.
2. Deficit (-) or surplus (+) of non financial public sector as % of GDP, annual data since 1970 to the present.
- Non Financial Public Enterprises  Deficit (-) / Surplus (+) Colombian $ billions

Q1/24

-1,090.7

3,251.1

…

-87.3

 Annual data since 1996 to the present and quarterly data since 1998 to the present.
- Domestic financing Colombian $ billions

Q1/24

84,948.0

47,951.1

77.2

…

 Quarterly data since 1998 to the present.
- External Financing Colombian $ billions

Q1/24

1,269.6

6,151.6

-79.4

-17.0

 Quarterly data  since 1998 to the present. 
Central Government Operations     (pr) 
- Revenue Colombian $ billions

Sep/24

28,105.3

14,845.6

89.3

-17.3

 Annual data  since 1985 to the present, monthly since 1995 to the present.Internet site (In spanish)
- Outlays  5/ Colombian $ billions

Sep/24

30,333.4

25,684.8

18.1

-20.8

 Annual data since 1985 to the present, monthly since 1995 to the present.
- Interest Colombian $ billions

Sep/24

3,604.5

4,471.0

-19.4

31.4

 Annual data since 1985 to the present, monthly since 1997 to the present.
- Balance, deficit (-) / surplus (+)   4/ Colombian $ billions

Sep/24

-2,228.1

-10,839.3

-79.4

-48.8

 1. Annual data since 1985 to the present, monthly 1995 to the present.
2. Deficit (-) or Surplus (+) of Central Government as % of GDP, (since 1963 to the present).
- Domestic financing Colombian $ billions

Sep/24

2,337.5

13,796.5

-83.1

49.3

 Annual data since 1985 to the present, monthly since 1996 to the present.
- Bank Colombian $ billions

Sep/24

n.o.

n.o.

…

…

  
- Non-Bank Colombian $ billions

Sep/24

2,337.5

13,796.5

-83.1

49.3

 Annual data since  1990 to the present, monthly since 1996 to the present.
- External Financing Colombian $ billions

Sep/24

-109.4

-2,957.3

-96.3

…

 Annual data since 1985 to the present, monthly since 1996 to the present.
Central Government Debt (pr)
- Total Outstanding Debt Colombian $ billions

Q2/24

891,099.7

834,750.1

6.8

9.8

 Annual data since 1990 to the present, quarterly since 1995 to the present.Internet site  (In spanish)
- Long and medium- term external debt  Colombian $ billions

Q2/24

330,248.2

306,767.9

7.7

2.8

 Annual data since 1970 to the present, quarterly since 1994 to the present.
- Long and medium- term domestic debt Colombian $ billions

Q2/24

560,851.6

527,982.2

6.2

14.4

 Annual data since 1990 to the present, quarterly since 1995 to the present.
- Disbursements Colombian $ billions

Q2/24

49,169.4

19,947.5

…

60.2

 Annual data since 1990 to the present, quarterly since 1995 to the present.
- Amortizations Colombian $ billions

Q2/24

20,011.7

8,652.3

…

13.6

 Annual data since 1990 to the present, quarterly since 1995 to the present.
- External debt guaranteed by the Central Government Colombian $ billions

Q2/24

5,998.2

5,601.7

7.1

0.5

 Annual data since 1990 to the present, quarterly since 1995 to the present.
SDDS Data Category and Component Unit description OBSERVATIONS Other available information
Period of latest data Latest data Data for
previous
period		 % change from previous period to latest period % change from same period last year to latest period
FINANCIAL SECTOR
National monetary and credit aggregates 6/
- M1 Colombian $ billions Nov/01/24

189,061.2

189,084.2

0.0

10.4

 Internet site. Weekly data since 1982 to the present.
- M3 7 A/ Colombian $ billions Nov/01/24

849,100.3

840,310.2

1.0

6.4

 Internet site. Weekly data since 1982 to the present.
- Total loans from the financial system ( include leasing, Not include the National Development Fund ( FND) Colombian $ billions Nov/01/24

636,038.0

634,920.7

0.2

1.6

 Internet site. Weekly data since 1982 to the present. (In spanish)
Analytical Accounts of the Banking Sector  8/ (PR) Internet site. (In spanish)
Monthly
- M1 Colombian $ billions

Aug/24

461,895.2

458,215.6

0.8

10.4

 Comprising currency held by the public and transferable deposits (saving deposits, checking accounts and deposits otherwise commonly used to make payments) held by state and local governments, nonfinancial corporations (both public and private), and other financial corporations and other resident sectors in the depository corporations (DCs).
- Broad money (M2) Colombian $ billions

Aug/24

668,721.5

661,254.4

1.1

10.4

 Comprising M1, nontransferable deposits, certificates of deposit issued by DCs (with a maturity equal or less than 18 months at the date of issuance) and some deposits (transferable and non-transferable) issued by the central bank, held by the subsectors mentioned above. M2 is the money aggregate that meets the guidelines for broad money definition.
-Net assets vis-à-vis National Government Colombian $ billions

Aug/24

83,394.9

77,511.4

7.6

65.6

  
-Gross assets vis-à-vis the rest of the public sector Colombian $ billions

Aug/24

48,792.1

38,884.6

25.5

47.7

 It includes local governments and public non-financial corporations.
- Gross assets vis-à-vis Other Financial Corporations Colombian $ billions

Aug/24

39,136.6

49,369.0

-20.7

-12.0

 It includes both public and private financial corporations
- Gross assets vis-à-vis private sector Colombian $ billions

Aug/24

669,177.2

663,070.6

0.9

1.1

 It includes nonfinancial corporations, households and non-profit institutions that serve households
- Net Assets vis-à-vis non-residents sector Colombian $ billions

Aug/24

254,728.8

260,996.2

-2.4

2.7

 It includes net assets of Central Bank and Other Depository Corporations vis-à-vis non-residents sector.
Analytical Accounts of the Central Bank (PR) 9 A/ Internet site (In spanish)
Monthly
-Monetary base Colombian $ billions

Oct/24

152,063.0

149,972.5

1.4

8.3

 It includes currency in circulation, ODC´s deposit holdings at the central bank and other deposits of money-holding sectors at the central bank (except those of OFCs that provide intermediation services to ODCs).
- Gross assets vis-à-vis 9 B/ ODCs Colombian $ billions

Oct/24

17,400.1

23,379.8

-25.6

28.3

 Mostly repurchase agreements. 
-Net assets vis-à-vis ODCs 9 B/ Colombian $ billions

Oct/24

-352.6

4,425.0

…

-92.7

 Gross assets vis-à-vis ODCs minus deposits holding by ODCs at the central bank (for reserve requirements and other purposes).
-Net assets vis-à-vis OFCs Colombian $ billions

Oct/24

-3,189.9

-4,580.2

-30.4

34.5

On the asset side it corresponds to repurchase agreements with OFCs, and on the liability side to deposits of OFCs at the central bank (including those of OFCs that provide intermediation services to ODCs).
- Net assets vis-à-vis the central government Colombian $ billions

Oct/24

9,433.4

3,046.4

…

-5.4

 On the asset side it includes securities issued by Central Government and other accounts receivable (trade credit and advances), and on the liability side it includes deposits of the Central Government at the central bank and other accounts payable (trade credit and advances).
- Net assets vis-à-vis private sector Colombian $ billions

Oct/24

298.9

285.5

4.7

37.9

 On the asset side includes mostly credit to employees, and on the liability side other accounts payable (trade credit).
- Assets vis-à-vis non-residents sector  

Colombian $ billions

Oct/24

277,400.1

266,211.6

4.2

17.1

 It corresponds to gross assets against non-residents (mostly International Reserves). 
Interest rates  10/ Lending interest rate, monthly average since 1986 to the present.
Internet site (In spanish)
- Interbank interest rate (overnight) Percentage. End of month

Oct/31/24

 10.26 10.75  

 

Internet site
(In spanish)
- Open market operations - 1 day

(Reverse Repos) 11/

 Percentage. End of month

Oct/31/24

n.o.

  

 

 

 
-Government securities - 2026 12/

Percentage

Nov/08/24

 8.44 8.69  

 

 
- Government securities - 2032   13/ Percentage

Nov/08/24

 10.27 10.62      
- Interest rate on 90 day CDs (Banks and Financial Corporation) Percentage.
End of month

Oct/31/24

 9.52 9.62  

 

1. Fixed Term Deposit Rate  (DTF)- monthly average, since 1986 to the present, and weekly since 1984 to the present.
Internet site (In spanish)
2. Interest rate on 90-day CD's for Commercial Banks and Financial Corporations, monthly average since May 1980 to the present.
Internet site (In spanish)
3. Interest rate on 180 and 360-day CD's, weekly since June 1993.
Stock market    

 

 

 

 

 
- MSCI COLCAP Index14/ Jan.15/08=1000  End of month

Oct/31/24

 1,358.46 1,307.59 3.9 24.8 Internet site.
SDDS Data Category and Component Unit description OBSERVATIONS Other available information
Period of latest data Latest data Data for
previous
period		 % change from previous period to latest period % change from same period last year to latest period
EXTERNAL SECTOR
Balance of payments  15/ Balance of payments with breakdowns, annual data since 1970 and quarterly since 1996 to the present.
Internet site.
- Imports of goods 16/  and services US dollars millions

Q2/24

19,443.6

17,941.4

8.4

4.3

Annual data since 1970 and quarterly since 1996 to the present.
- Exports of goods 16/ and services US dollars millions

Q2/24

17,196.5

16,019.7

7.3

4.1

 Annual data since 1970 and quarterly since 1996 to the present.
- Net income receipts (primary income) US dollars millions

Q2/24

-3,251.9

-3,695.6

-12.0

2.2

 Annual data since 1970 and quarterly since 1996 to the present.
- Net receipts from current transfers (Secondary income) US dollars millions

Q2/24

3,868.6

3,331.1

16.1

27.7

 Annual data since 1970 and quarterly sin 1996 to the present.
- Change in gross international reserves US dollars millions

Q2/24

914.5

951.4

-3.9

…

 Annual data since 1970 and quarterly since 1996 to the present.
- Financial transactions US dollars millions

Q2/24

-1,084.1

-1,684.0

-35.6

-59.8

 Annual data since 1970 and quarterly since 1996 to the present.
Gross international reserves - stock  (pr)
International Reserves 17/  (pr) US dollars millions
End of month

Oct/24

62,208.8

63,009.4

-1.3

9.3

 Gross international reserves, monthly since 1960 to the present.
Internet site.
Foreign Currency Reserves (R) US dollars millions
End of month

Oct/24

57,680.4

58,465.6

-1.3

9.7
IMF Reserve Position US dollars millions
End of month

Oct/24

658.9

671.1

-1.8

1.3
SDRs US dollars millions
End of month

Oct/24

3,407.9

3,459.3

-1.5

1.1
Gold US dollars millions
End of month

Oct/24

417.8

398.3

4.9

39.1
Other Reserve Assets (R) US dollars millions
End of month

Oct/24

43.8

15.0

…

74.3
International Reserves/Foreign Currency Liquidity      17/    (pr) US dollars millions
End of month

Oct/24

62,208.8

63,009.4

-1.3

9.3
Net International Reserves - Stock  (pr)

US dollars millions
End of month 

Oct/24

62,167.7

62,978.0

-1.3

9.3

 Net international reserves, monthly since 1960 to the present.
Internet site.
Merchandise trade
 

- Total exports (fob)  (pr)

 

US dollars millions

Aug/24

3,845.0

4,619.9

-16.8

-2.5

 1. Total traditional and non-traditional exports, monthly since 1970 to the present.
2. Exports by traditional and non-traditional products, monthly since 1970 to the present. Internet site.  (In spanish)                        
 

- Total imports (cif) (pr)

  

US dollars millions 

Aug/24

5,532.9

5,581.1

-0.9

4.6

 1. Imports by use or economic destination, monthly since 1980 to the present.
2. Imports by product, monthly since 1980 to the present. Internet site.  (In spanish)                        
International Investment Position 18/ US dollars millions

Q2/24

-187,677.0

-191,407.0

-1.9

0.5

Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.     Internet site (In spanish)                        

Assets US dollars millions

Q2/24

264,338.3

260,736.0

1.4

9.2

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
   Direct Investment
   Abroad		 US dollars millions

Q2/24

75,401.1

74,372.3

1.4

4.0

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
   Portfolio Investment US dollars millions

Q2/24

92,617.9

90,940.2

1.8

18.0

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
      Equity US dollars millions

Q2/24

47,097.9

45,450.9

3.6

26.3

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
      Debt Instruments US dollars millions

Q2/24

45,520.0

45,489.3

0.1

10.5

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
Derivative Financial Instruments US dollars millions

Q2/24

1,758.9

2,101.9

-16.3

24.5

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
   Other Investment US dollars millions

Q2/24

33,628.8

33,297.9

1.0

5.7

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
   Reserve Assets US dollars millions

Q2/24

60,931.6

60,023.7

1.5

5.3

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
Liabilities US dollars millions

Q2/24

452,015.3

452,143.0

0.0

5.4

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
   Direct Investment
   in Colombia		 US dollars millions

Q2/24

261,226.2

259,141.5

0.8

6.9

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
   Portfolio Investment US dollars millions

Q2/24

90,865.1

93,007.3

-2.3

2.5

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
      Equity US dollars millions

Q2/24

2,254.3

2,222.8

1.4

30.2

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
      Debt Instruments US dollars millions

Q2/24

88,610.8

90,784.5

-2.4

2.0

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
Derivative Financial Instruments US dollars millions

Q2/24

2.2

1.7

25.0

…

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
   Other Investment US dollars millions

Q2/24

99,921.9

99,992.5

-0.1

4.1

 Semiannual  data since 1997 and quarterly since 2000 to the present.
External Debt
External Debt US dollars millions

Q2/24

196,370.2 196,374.9 0.0 4.8 Annual data since 1970 and quarterly sin 1996 to the present.
Internet site  (In spanish)
Representative market exchange rate
-RMER 19/		 Colombian pesos per US dollar.
End of month

Oct/31/24

 4,413.46 4,164.21 6.0 8.7 1. Representative market exchange rate - RMER, monthly average and end of month since 1950 to the present.
2. Real exchange rate index -RERI, since 1987 to the present. Internet site.
SDDS Data Category and Component Unit description OBSERVATIONS Other available information
Period of latest data Latest data Data for
previous
period		 % change from previous period to latest period % change from same period last year to latest period

POPULATION 20/

In Thousands.

Dec/2023

52.215.5

51.682.7

  ...

1.0

Annual data since 1950 to the present.
Internet site.

   

n.a. not available.                                                                                                                                                                                                                                
n.o.p. no operations performed.
(p)   Provisional.     (r)     Revised Data.
(pr)  Preliminary.
Periodicity : S (semi-annual), Q (quarterly), M (monthly), W (weekly).
... Relative variation is either not significant or larger than 100%.

* The Advance Release Calendar is published in Internet by the Dissemination Standards Bulletin Board of the IMF at:
 https://dsbb.imf.org/sdds/country/COL/advance-release-calendar-base
1/

In 2018, the National Department of Statistics (DANE), the entity officially responsible for National Accounts in Colombia, started the task of adapting these accounts to the United Nations methodology (SNA2008), this project includes the change of the base year to 2015. Currently, DANE has released the annual national account figures since to 2005 to present at current and constant 2015 prices and the quarterly national account since 2005 to present at current and constant 2015 prices for demand and offer.
2/ DANE redesigned the New Monthly Manufacturing Survey with territorial approach . The new base of the Industrial Production Index and Industrial wage index  is the monthly average of year 2018=100.
3/

In 2022, The National Administrative Department of Statistics (DANE) made methodological adjustments to the monthly Integrated Household Survey (GEIH), and as result generated changes in the historical series for employment and unemployment. Monthly data since 2001 are the spliced series between GEIH 2005 and GEIH 2018 built by DANE.
4/ A. The balance of the Non-Financial Public Sector for the years 2001-2022 is not comparable to the balance for 2023 and 2024, as the latter incorporates methodological modifications in the coverage of territorial entities included in the fiscal monitoring of the Regional and Local subsector, as well as a change in the expense registration base for that same subsector.

B. Revenues from privatizations are included in the financing of the deficit.
5/ Includes net lending.
6/ Corresponds to the public and private sector aggregates. Data related to monetary and credit aggregates are presented according to the financial information received from the depository institutions. These entities are recorded under IFRS as of January 2015. It is possible that data are not comparable to previous figures, for changes in methodology.
7/ A. Starting the week of november 24, 2000, the bonds issued by the financial system are included in the group of liabilities of the financial system that are subject to reserve requirement. Hence the aggregate thus far named M3 plus bonds will henceforth be denominated M3. Bonds = From the week of December 9, the bonds denominated in pesos issued abroad by Findeter in 2014 are included in the whole series. As of  August 28th/2020,  CDTs and bonds holdings by the Banco de la República were excluded from the monetary aggregates. The series were modified since March 27/2020.
8/ Data related to monetary and credit aggregates are presented according to the financial information received from the depository institutions. These entities are recorded under IFRS as of January 2015. It is possible that data are not comparable to previous figures, for changes in methodology. 

The information is obtained through the IMF sectorization forms 1SR and 2SR., As of May 2022, the format 409 of the Financial Superintendency of Colombia (SFC) replaced the format 338. This change allows a better sectorization by counterparty. The variations between April and May 2022 partly reflect this methodological change.

The flexibility option has been taken for the timeliness of the data. 
9/ A. As of July 2024 (information with data as of June 2024), the variables and definitions of the sectorization report of the Banco de la República were adjusted, allowing the application of the guidelines of the IMF Monetary and Financial Statistics Manual of 2016. The series are reprocessed since January 2018. Temporarily, the data presented in this report may present discrepancies with those of other BanRep’s publications while the methodological changes are implemented.

B. Includes private debt securities (CDs and bonds) that Banco de la República began purchasing since March the 24th, 2020.
10/ Effective rates.
11/ Starting december 21 st, 2004 the Banco de la República announce the closing of its windows of contraction. (Auctions and Lombard)
12/ Average rate of negotiation of Government securities in the SEN market with maturity in August 26, 2026.
13/ Average rate of negotiation of Government securities in the SEN market with maturity in June 30, 2032.
14/ Starting in may 28 th, 2021, MSCI COLCAP replaces the COLCAP; The MSCI COLCAP Index is designed to represent the performance of the local Colombian equity market. The index aims to include a minimum of 25 securities and 20 issuers selected based on free float-adjusted market capitalization, liquidity, and international investability criteria.

Starting in november 1st, 2013, COLCAP replaces the IGBC index as the main indicator of the behavior of the Colombian stock market.

15/ Since 2000, the balance of payments quarterly data is published in accordance with the Methodology of the sixth edition of the IMF´s Balance of Payments Manual. Between 1994 and 1999 the data is published according to the fifth edition of this Manual.
16/ Starting in 1994, it includes special foreign trade.
17/
For statistical purposes, starting in August 2008, contributions to Fondo Latinoamericano de Reservas (FLAR) are not included in Official Reserve Assets, Section I.A. Nevertheless, they continue to be considered as a component of the reserves assets in the Banco de la República balance sheet. Contributions to FLAR corresponds mainly to pesos andinos and ALADI Reciprocal Credit Agreement balances.

Gross international reserves - stock : As of June 4th of 2019, the Government US dollar holding at Banco de la República are registered in accounts different from those corresponding to the international reserves. As of December 17th of 2019 the total Government  foreign currency holding at Banco de la República are registered as off the Bank’s balance sheet items, therefore it is not included in the international reserves.
18/ Between 1997 and 1999 the data to this category is published according to the fifth edition of the IMF´s Balance of Payments Manual with a lag no more than six months. Since 2000, the data is published in accordance with the Methodology of the sixth edition of this Manual.
19/ The forward exchange rate is not available for three- and six-month periods onward.
20/ Population projections were made based on the results of the 2018 National Population and Housing Census. On January 2, 2024, the population values ​​for the years 2019 to 2022 were updated, due to an update of demographic projections and estimates (post Covid19) implemented by DANE Nota-metodologica-actualizacion-proyecciones-ActPostCOVID.pdf

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